Etched fluoropolymers

Materials like PTFE are not able to be bonded due to its chemical inertness, furthermore adhesives by themselves will also have no effect on PTFE,

Etching the material or substrate prior to bonding will solve this issue, chemical etching is a specialised process that once applied to a material surface will cause a chemical reaction within the external layer of the polymer, this reaction is what makes it possible to successfully bond the material, after the etching solution has been applied the etched side of material is easily recognisable due to the brown colouring left by the etching process, usually the darker the colour the stronger the etch.